Contents
- Cologuard — Stool DNA-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Test
- Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
- CT Colonography (Virtual Colonoscopy)
- Double-Contrast Barium Enema (DCBE)
- Stool Test
- Fecal Occult Bloodstream Test (FOBT)
- Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)
Just a test in which the entire colon and rectum are believed to be through the physician having a colonoscope—a flexible, lighted tube concerning the thickness of the finger having a small camcorder around the finish. The colonoscope is placed with the rectum and in to the colon. When the physician finds any suspicious searching areas for example polyps, they may be removed and biopsied in this procedure. The exam takes about half an hour, requires complete bowel prep, in most cases some type of sedation.
Cologuard — Stool DNA-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Test
Cologuard is Exact Sciences’ noninvasive screening test for colorectal cancer that analyzes both stool DNA (sDNA) and bloodstream biomarkers. sDNA testing is made to identify elevated amounts of altered DNA and/or hemoglobin connected with colorectal cancer inside a person’s stool. Countless cells are shed in the colon wall in to the stool stream and release DNA because they degenerate. As polyps develop, additionally they shed cells in to the stool stream, most of which contain altered DNA reflecting acquired mutations connected with colorectal cancer. This altered DNA is recognized by sDNA testing. sDNA doesn’t need drug or nutritional limitations before the exam. Inside a 10,000-patient clinical study, Cologuard found 92% of colon cancers.1 Additionally, it found 69% of high-risk precancers (high-grade dysplasia), individuals probably to build up into cancer. For additional info on Cologuard, visit CologuardTest.com.
Cologuard is meant for that qualitative recognition of colorectal neoplasia connected DNA markers but for the existence of occult hemoglobin in human stool. An optimistic result may suggest the existence of colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma and really should be adopted with a diagnostic colonoscopy. Cologuard is indicated to screen women and men half a century or older, who’re at typical average-risk for colorectal cancer. Cologuard isn’t a substitute for diagnostic colonoscopy or surveillance colonoscopy in high-risk individuals. Cologuard can be obtained by prescription only. Both false positives and false negatives occur. Within the clinical study of Cologuard, 13% of individuals without cancer or precancer tested positive. Any positive result ought to be adopted with a diagnostic colonoscopy. Carrying out a negative result, patients should continue taking part in a screening program in an interval with a technique suitable for the person patient. Cologuard performance when employed for repeat testing is not evaluated or established.
Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
Just a test in which the lower area of the colon and rectum are believed to be through the physician having a sigmoidoscope—a flexible, lighted tube concerning the thickness of the finger having a small camcorder around the finish. The sigmoidoscope is placed with the rectum and in to the colon. When the physician finds any suspicious searching areas for example polyps, they may be removed and biopsied in this procedure. Since the sigmoidoscope is just 60 centimeters lengthy, the physician could see the whole rectum, but under 1 / 2 of the colon. The exam takes about twenty minutes, requires complete bowel prep, in most cases some type of sedation.
CT Colonography (Virtual Colonoscopy)
This can be a non-invasive test that utilizes computed tomography to produce both two-dimensional and three-dimensional views of within the colon and rectum. This really is helpful for those who can’t have or prefer to not have colonoscopies. The exam takes merely a couple of minutes and doesn’t require sedation however, it will require complete bowel prep. If polyps or any other suspicious areas are detected, a colonoscopy will still most likely be needed for more examination.
Double-Contrast Barium Enema (DCBE)
This test is a kind of X-ray test. Barium sulfate and air are pumped in to the colon to stipulate the interior wall and rectum to consider abnormal areas on X-sun rays. If polyps or any other suspicious areas are detected, a colonoscopy will most likely be needed for more examination. The exam takes about forty-five minutes and needs complete bowel prep however, no sedation is needed.
Stool Test
There are many various kinds of stool-based tests for colorectal cancer screening. Stool-based tests don’t require sedation and therefore are ideal for those searching for any non-invasive option however, generally, they don’t identify pre-cancer.
Fecal Occult Bloodstream Test (FOBT)
The Fecal Occult Bloodstream Test (FOBT) is made to identify occult bloodstream (bloodstream not seen using the human eye alone) within the stool. The idea of this test comes from the truth that bloodstream vessels at first glance of bigger colorectal polyps or cancers are frequently fragile and simply broken through the passage of stool. Consequently, the broken bloodstream vessels release a tiny bit of bloodstream in to the stool, although not enough to become visible towards the human eye alone. The FOBT detects this bloodstream utilizing a chemical reaction however, it can’t differentiate whether it bloodstream comes from a colorectal polyp or bleeding of some other kind. Due to this, significant drug and nutritional limitations are needed before the exam. When the test outcome is positive, a colonoscopy is required to discover the supply of the bleeding.
Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)
The Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) is made to identify occult bloodstream (bloodstream not seen using the human eye alone) within the stool. The idea of this test comes from the truth that bloodstream vessels at first glance of bigger colorectal polyps or cancers are frequently fragile and simply broken through the passage of stool. Consequently, the broken bloodstream vessels release a tiny bit of bloodstream in to the stool, although not enough to become visible towards the human eye alone. Body detects this bloodstream by reacting to areas of a persons hemoglobin protein, which can be found in red bloodstream cells. Body is comparable to the FOBT, but doesn’t need drug or nutritional limitations before the exam. When the test outcome is positive, a colonoscopy is required to discover the supply of the bleeding.
Resourse: http://exactsciences.com/colon-cancer/
